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Experiments in optics for secondary school
Machalická, Jana ; Kácovský, Petr (advisor) ; Snětinová, Marie (referee)
Title: Experiments in optics for secondary school Author: Jana Machalická Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: Mgr. Petr Kácovský, Department of Physics Education Abstract: Within the frame of this thesis has created 12 structured instruction for physical experiments in optics usable in secondary schools teaching. These experiments can be divided into chapters Geometrical optics and Physical optics. Crucial for the creation of this work was repeated testing of experiments to enrich the instructions of the technical notes and recommendations for the preparation and execution. All instructions will be gradually available on the electronic collection of physics experiments which is developed by Department of Physics Education FMP CU. The work also includes classification of experiments and a brief overview of the available materials, printed and electronic, which deal with physical experiments in optics. Keywords: Physics experiment, electronic collection, geometrical optics, physical optics.
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Simulations of spacecraft measurements of electromagnetic waves in the Earth's magnetosphere
Hanzelka, Miroslav ; Santolík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kolmašová, Ivana (referee)
For more than fifty years simulations of electromagnetic (EM) wave propa- gation are used to study the Earth's magnetosphere and to analyze EM emissions observed by spacecraft. In this work we focus on the propagation of EM waves in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 000 Hz within the region of the inner magnetosphere. We use a numerical procedure which performs ray tracing simu- lations and finds the wave trajectory along with other wave properties. Using these simulations we study propagation properties of equatorial noise emissions. Another subject of this work is development of a propagation scheme explaining a conjugate observation of quasiperiodic emissions by the Van Allen Probe A (VAP-A) spacecraft and the ground station in Athabasca. In this case we make use of a density distribution model based on measurements of plasmaspheric electron density done by the EMFISIS instrument onboard VAP-A. 1
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Experiments from geometrical optics for teaching at primary and secondary school
Hložek, Filip ; Houfková, Jitka (advisor) ; Gottwald, Stanislav (referee)
Title: Experiments from geometrical optics for teaching at primary and secondary school Author: Ing. Filip Hložek Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Jitka Houfková, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This work is focused on experiments in geometric optics. There is a research of textbooks for primary and secondary schools, that deals with this topic of physics. Most of the work is dedicated to the proposed manuals for experiments for the excercise of geometric optics in Practical Course in School Experiments I. The manuals were tested with several groups of students at Practical Course. The test results are briefly summarized here, including several adjustments of the manuals that has risen from it. The work also deals with mirror telescopes, aberrations, and the production of models of two telescopes - Newtonian and Cassegrain printed on a 3D printer. The models are then used in two experiments for Practical Course. Keywords: experiments, geometrical optics, optical instruments
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Evaluation of thin discontinuities in planar conducting materials using the diffraction of electromagnetic field
Savin, A. ; Nový, F. ; Fintová, Stanislava ; Steigmann, R.
The current stage of nondestructive evaluation techniques imposes the development of new electromagnetic (EM) methods that are based on high spatial resolution and increased sensitivity. In order to achieve high performance, the work frequencies must be either radifrequencies or microwaves. At these frequencies, at the dielectric/conductor interface, plasmon polaritons can appear, propagating between conductive regions as evanescent waves. In order to use the evanescent wave that can appear even if the slits width is much smaller that the wavwelength of incident EM wave, a sensor with metamaterial (MM) is used. The study of the EM field diffraction against the edge of long thin discontinuity placed under the inspected surface of a conductive plate has been performed using the geometrical optics principles. This type of sensor having the reception coils shielded by a conductive screen with a circular aperture placed in the front of reception coil of emission reception sensor has been developed and 'transported' information for obtaining of magnified image of the conductive structures inspected. This work presents a sensor, using MM conical Swiss roll type that allows the propagation of evanescent waves and the electromagnetic images are magnified. The test method can be successfully applied in a variety of applications of maxim importance such as defect/damage detection in materials used in automotive and aviation technologies. Applying this testing method, spatial resolution can be improved.
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Simulations of spacecraft measurements of electromagnetic waves in the Earth's magnetosphere
Hanzelka, Miroslav ; Santolík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kolmašová, Ivana (referee)
For more than fifty years simulations of electromagnetic (EM) wave propa- gation are used to study the Earth's magnetosphere and to analyze EM emissions observed by spacecraft. In this work we focus on the propagation of EM waves in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 000 Hz within the region of the inner magnetosphere. We use a numerical procedure which performs ray tracing simu- lations and finds the wave trajectory along with other wave properties. Using these simulations we study propagation properties of equatorial noise emissions. Another subject of this work is development of a propagation scheme explaining a conjugate observation of quasiperiodic emissions by the Van Allen Probe A (VAP-A) spacecraft and the ground station in Athabasca. In this case we make use of a density distribution model based on measurements of plasmaspheric electron density done by the EMFISIS instrument onboard VAP-A. 1
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Experiments in optics for secondary school
Machalická, Jana ; Kácovský, Petr (advisor) ; Snětinová, Marie (referee)
Title: Experiments in optics for secondary school Author: Jana Machalická Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: Mgr. Petr Kácovský, Department of Physics Education Abstract: Within the frame of this thesis has created 12 structured instruction for physical experiments in optics usable in secondary schools teaching. These experiments can be divided into chapters Geometrical optics and Physical optics. Crucial for the creation of this work was repeated testing of experiments to enrich the instructions of the technical notes and recommendations for the preparation and execution. All instructions will be gradually available on the electronic collection of physics experiments which is developed by Department of Physics Education FMP CU. The work also includes classification of experiments and a brief overview of the available materials, printed and electronic, which deal with physical experiments in optics. Keywords: Physics experiment, electronic collection, geometrical optics, physical optics.
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Ray-tracing simulations of electromagnetic waves in magnetospheric plasmas
Nečada, Marek ; Santolík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kouba, Daniel (referee)
This work deals with simulations of wave propagation in magnetospheric plasmas, particularly with numerical ray tracing. It mentions some of the earlier ray tracing implementations that were used in studies of wave propagation in Earth's magnetosphere. The most important parts of linear plasma wave theory are outlined. Some of the existing numerical methods for solving the hot plasma dispersion relation are described. A new ray tracing program, NPR, is presented. It is capable of ray-tracing simulations in cold plasmas and also in non-relativistic hot plasmas via the WHAMP procedure.
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